Content-type: text/html Search Results for Dictionary of Old Khmer Searching Old Khmer for "" (as ""(?:[^"]*(?:-| ))*()*\d?(?:(?:-| )[^"]*)*"")
26 items found
kṣaṇa ~ ksaṇa /ksɔːn/ A390     †[Mod. Khmer ក្សណៈ ksaṇa: /ksaˈnaʔ/ ``n. moment, instant, short period of time''; Sanskrit kṣaṇa `instant, moment, twinkling of an eye; leisure moment; suitable moment, opportunity; a certain day of a fortnight (as the full moon, change of the moon, &c.)]. definitions 1 n. Moment, instant. references ksaṇa: K.413B:52 (A.D. 1361, BEFEO, LXV:333). kṣaṇa: K.393N:4 (A.D. 1055?, C VII:63).
khāl2 ~ khal /khal/ A421     †[Cf. Old Mon khal /khɔl/ `Small cup for ritual food-offerings',1 also Thai ขัน /kʰǎn/ `bowl, basin',2 `copper or brass basin; an utensil of brass for dipping water',3 `bowl, cup, usually used to hold water like a jug ...'4 ]. definitions 1 n. Unidentified metal vessel.5 references khal: K.958:34 (A.D. 947, C VII:141); K.348:7, 11, 33, and K.349:21 (A.D. 954, C V:108); K.33:8 (A.D. 1017, C III:148); khāl: passim, 50 occurrences. citations khāl prāk mvāy ṅan liṅ praṃ vyal (K.212A:3-4), `one silver bowl weighing seven liṅ'. notes 1 Shorto, 68. 2 Haas, 55b. 3 McFarland, 150b. 4 Sethaputra, I:165a 5 See the discussion by Christian Bauer in ``Thai Etymologies,'' in MKS XVIII-XIX:255. The author takes exception to the vowel of Shorto's /khɔl/.
khyal /kʰjɔl/ A470     [Pre-Angkorian kyol ~ kyel ~ kyell; mod. Khmer ខ្យល់ khya'l /kʰjɑl/ ``n. wind, breeze, air; breath; gas ...''; cf. Old Mon kyāl /kyal/ `Air; wind'1 ]. definitions 1 n. Wind.2 references K.192:19 (A.D. 956, C VI:128); K.292D:22 (A.D. 1011, C III:205); K.230C:23, 28 (A.D. 1026, C VI:241); K.393N:11 (A.D. 1055?, C VII:63). citations bhāga le khyal (K.292D:22), `the south part'. chpār le khyal (K.230C:28), `the plantation on the south'. sre kaṃnet khyal (K.230C:23), `the ricefield on the south'. ... ʼāy jrai ṇan sruk khyal □ vraḥ kes nu caṃnat kantāl dai khyal vak travāṅ thmo ... (K.393N:11-2), unintelligible. notes 1 Shorto, 60. 2 To Mme Pou, ``Recherches sur le vocabulaire cambodgien (VI): Les noms des points cardinaux en khmer,'' esp. 137, is owing the sense of le khyal `over the wind, = south', kaṃnet khyal `the rising of the wind, = south', and karoṃ khyal `under the wind, = north' has been established. The relation of these terms to the prevailing winds remains to be explained. Cf. thpvaṅ tyak, jeṅ tyak.
*gal /gɔl/ A550     [Mod. *ga'l /kʊəl/; cf. Old Mon kul ~ kil ~ kel ~ keil /køl/ `to give, confer, assign'1 ]. definitions 1 v.tr. To give. see: pragalbha notes 1 Shorto, 42.
kyel ~ kyell ~ kyol /kiːəl/ ~ kyer /kiːər/ ~ kye /kiːə/ PA586     [Angkorian khyal; mod. Khmer ខ្យល់ khya'l /kʰjɑl/ ``n. wind, breeze, air; breath; gas ...''; cf. Old Mon kyāl /kyal/ `Air; wind'1 ]. definitions 1 n. Wind.2 2 n. Slavename. references kye: K.22:30 (A.D. 578-677, C III:143); K.1:14 (A.D. 578-777, C VI:28); K.76:9, 10 (A.D. 578-677, C V:7);3 kyer: K.22:35 (id.); kyol: K.129:3 (A.D. 578-777, C II:83); kyell: K.76:14 (A.D. 578-677, C V:7); kyel: K.765:12, garbled (A.D. 687, C V:53); K.22:23, 26, 31, 40 (A.D. 578-677, C III:143). K.76:9, 9 bis, 10, 14, 15, 16 (A.D. 578-677, C V:7); K.562B:20 (A.D. 578-677, C II:196); K.1:21 (A.D. 578-777, C VI:28). citations karoṃ kyel (K.22:23, 26, 31, 40; K.76:9, 14-5, 15, 16) ~ karoṃ kyell (K.76:14) ~ karoṃ kyer (K.22:35), `below the wind, i.e. north'.4 le kyel (K.22:30; K.1:14; K.76:9, 10), `above the wind, i.e. south'. sre ti le kyel thalā ta ple ver daṅ tap tanloṅṅ (K.76:9-10), `A field to the south of the knoll with a harvest of twelve tloṅ'. ku kyel (K.562B:20) ~ vā kyol (K.129:3), slavename. notes 1 Shorto, 60. 2 Cf. Pou, 108a (kcal), 113b (kyel). LS, 145 (kyel, kyell, kyer): `... < *yel ~ yer le balancer', and 146 (kyell and kyol). 3 Cf. C III:144, note 6. 4 The sense of these two terms has been one of the most felicitous findings of Mme Pou; see her ``Recherches ... (VI)'' and dictionary, 95a, 420b. The terms apparently allude to the southwest monsoon and have the ring of expressions created by a seafaring people. Their rationale is hard to fathom without considering Malay di atas angin `above the wind, i.e. to windward', pointing to India, Persia and Arabia (northwestward) and di bawah angin `below the wind, i.e. to leeward', pointing to Indonesia and the farther islands of the archipelago (southeastward). Note however that the literal meaning of the Khmer expressions is the reverse of the Malay. Cf. jeṅ (tyak), `south' and *tpoṅ1 (tyak) `south'.
calaya /cɔˈlɤy/ A745     †[Sanskrit *calaya, prob. deformation of cala `agitation, shaking' suggested by calayati `to move, shake, agitate, disturb', cs. of √cal `to be moved, shaken, agitated']. definitions 1 v.tr. To disturb, trouble. references K.245:31 (A.D. 978-1077, C III:90), hapax. citations nau ge ta thve prakāra pi calaya pi sak vraḥ neḥ ta kvan ʼañ ta pi ʼnak ... (K.245:31-2), `Those who act so as to disturb [or] to despoil these divinities of my three children ...'
*jval ~ *jvāl /ɟuːəl/ A1106     [Mod. Khmer ជួល jwl /cuːəl/ ``v. to hire, employ; to rent; to rent out, let out for hire''; cf. Old Malay *juwal (cf. mod. Malay jual `sale; selling'1 )]. definitions 1 v.tr. To engage the services of, hire, employ. 2 v.tr. To engage the use or occupancy of, rent. see: jnval notes 1 Wilkinson, I:480a. Pou, 193a, refers jnvāl to Old Javanese juwal `sold' (Zoetmulder, I:756b), which is a loan from Malay and not listed by Juynboll (211a) or Wojowasito (209); the Old Javanese cognate is dwal ~ dol `wares' (Zoetmulder, I:446a), with derived forms listed by Juynboll (303a) and Wojowasito (284). Dempwolff, 48b: d'uʼal `Verkaufen'. For mod. Javanese Pigeaud (88a) lists passivized didjoewal `verhandeld, verkocht' and didol `te koop'.
datta /dat/ A1538     †[Sanskrit datta `given, granted, presented', ppl. of √dā `to give']. definitions 1 v.ps. To be given, donated. references K.99S:8 (A.D. 922, C VI:107); K.366A:23 (A.D. 1139, C V:288). citations ... tamrvac ʼamṛtakadhana datta dau ta vraḥ kamrateṅ ʼañ śrī campeśvara (K.99S:8-9), `... police inspector [responsible for] property given to My Holy High Lord Śrī Campevara'.
dal ~ dāl /dal/ A1561     †[Mod. Khmer ទាល់ dā'l /toəl/ ``adj. to be blocked, stymied, held in check; v. to run out of, exhaust; to bar, block, impede; v. to do all the way; to be through to the end ...''; cf. Old Mon dal /dɔl/ `To obstruct, bar the way'1 ]. definitions 1 v.ps. To be stopped, blocked, held fast, powerless to move. 2 v.intr. (= tal) To go up to, as far as (but no farther). see: dnal, sandāl, *sdāl references dāl: K.774A:5, 6 (A.D. 860?, C I:256); dal: K.216S:47 (A.D. 1006, C III:37), hapax. citations ... toy paścima dāl ta □ □ sruk gaṇa dār tṛ toy uttara dāl ta sre vraḥ indrāni (K.774:5-6), `... on the west [it] extends to □ □ the sruk of Gaṇa Dār Tṛ; on the north [it] extends to the ricefield of Vraḥ Indrāṇī'. notes 1 Shorto, 188.
daśadhita /dɔsəˈdhɪt/ A1567     †[Sanskrit *daśadhita, < daśa, + dhita `put, placed, bestowed', ppl. of √dhā `to put']. definitions 1 n. One in charge of ten [persons]. see: daśādhikṛta references K.598B:19 (A.D. 1006, BEFEO, XXVIII:75), hapax.
divaṅgata /dɪwaŋˈgɔːt/ A1623     †[Sanskrit *divaṃgata `gone to heaven', ppl. of divam√gam `to go to heaven'; < divam, acc. of div `sky, heaven', + √gam `to go']. definitions 1 v.intr. To go to heaven, pass away, die. references K.523D:7 (A.D. 1118, C III:136), hapax. citations man khloñ vala chok phlāṅ ʼaṃvi lā śarira pi nu divaṅgata jvan ... (K.523D:5-7), `When the commandant of Chok Phlāṅ was on the point of leaving his body to go to heaven, [he] offered up ... '.
dnāl2 /dnal/ A1704     †[Mod. Khmer ធ្នល់ dhna'l /tʰnʊəl/ ``n. k. of large earthenware vessel (dial.)''; analysis undetermined; cf. Thai ทะนาน /tʰanaan/ `a measuring bowl made of a coconut shell ...' for rice, beans, &c.,1 `a coconut shell capacity for milled rice',2 `a vessel made of coconut shell for ladling rice; a unit of capacity for rice ...';3 cf. also Old Mon dnāl /dnal/ `Measure of rice'4 ]. definitions 1 n. Unidentified small measure for rice. references K.238B:7, 8 (A.D. 949, C VI:119); K.214B:20 (A.D. 981, C II:202); K.691:5 (A.D. 1002, C IV:151). citations thve sre vraḥ vleṅ oy raṅko dnāl mvāy yajña vraḥ vleṅ pratidina (K.691:5-6), `[They are to] cultivate the ricefield [dedicated to] the Sacred Fire [and] furnish one dnāl of milled rice as an offering to the Sacred Fire daily'. notes 1 Haas, 229b. 2 McFarland, 406a. 3 Sethaputra, I:552a. 4 Shorto, 202.
dval ~ dvall ~ *dvāl /duːəl/ A1749     †[Mod. Khmer ទួល dwl /tuːəl/ ``n. hill, hump, mound, knoll'' and Khmer ទូល dūl /tuːl/ ``v. to carry or wear on the head; v. to address / inform / tell (addressing royalty or clergy)''; cf. Old Mon dal /døl/ `mountain' and Middle Mon duiw /døw/ `hill, hilltop'1 ]. definitions 1 n. Head; head-shaped formation, low hill, hillock, eminence. 2 v.tr. To carry or wear on the head. 3 v.tr. To raise (object or empty hands) to the head in token of humility or reverence; (by trope) to receive (order, instructions) with humility; to address (royalty, clergy) with humility. Cf. *dul ~ *dur. see: chdvāl, pandval, ṛdvāl references dvall: K.256W/3°:35 (A.D. 984, BEFEO, XXXVII:379, APK II:89); dval: K.457:9, 10 (A.D. 893, BEFEO, XVIII.9:13); K.958:12 (A.D. 947, C VII:141); K.265S:15, 19, 21 (A.D. 959, C IV:102); K.842B:19 (A.D. 968, C I:147); K.125:20, 22 (A.D. 1001, BEFEO, XXVIII:140); K.410:5 (A.D. 1022, RS II, № XIX:10); K.393S:44 (A.D. 1055?, C VII:63); K.830:7 (A.D. 1106, C V:278); K.194B:17 (A.D. 1119, BEFEO, XLIII:134); K.366A:14, 16 (A.D. 1139, C V:288); K.256E:35 (A.D. 878-977, BEFEO. XXXVII:379, APK II:89); K.690S:x (A.D. 878-1077, C VII:91); citations gal dval mann chpaṅ paṅ khlvan toy vnek (K.227:25), `[They] came into the sovereign's presence to receive his command that [they] should fight, and cast themselves down before [him]'. notes 1 Shorto, 188.
naya ~ nay1 /nɤy/ A1819     †[Mod. Khmer ន័យ nãy /nɤy/ ``n. meaning; description, explanation, cause; guidance, conduct; allusion. hint''; Sanskrit naya `leading (of an army), leadership; conduct, esp. good conduct, behaviour; good management, (civil, military) government; reason, wisdom, prudence; principle, policy, doctrine; method, system']. definitions 1 n. Management, administration, governance. cf: nāya references K.444B:22 (A.D. 974, C II:62); K.868A:32, B:15 (A.D. 974, C VI:170); K.175S:11 (A.D. 987, C VI:173); K.194A/383A:43 (A.D. 1119/21, BEFEO, XLIII:134). citations pre duk praśastaśilāstambha ta gi sruk naya neḥ varṇṇa ta vyar ... (K.444B:22-3; K.868A:31-2; K.175S:10-1), `[His Majesty] bade set up an inscription on a stone stele in [various?] sruk under the administration of these two corporations ... '. dau nā karmmāntara nu sruk sre bhūmyākara nu vraḥ puṇya naya noḥ phoṅ vvaṃ ʼāc ti mān vakra tarāp candrāditya man ley ○ (K.868B:14-5; K.175S:14-5), `With respect to the Karmāntara Order and the sruk, ricefields [and] land as well as the said pious works under its governance, let there be no question for as long as the moon and sun shall go on shining'.
*dūl ~ *dul /duːl/ PA1857     [Angkorian *dul ~ *dur and dval ~ dvall ~ *dvāl; mod. Khmer ទូល dūl /tuːl/ ``v. to carry or wear on the head; v. to address / inform / tell (addressing royalty or clergy)'' and dul /tʊl/ ``v. to swell; to protrude, bulge, stick out, pop out; ...''; cf. dwl /tuːəl/ ``n. hill, hump, mound, knoll'' and Old Mon tūl ~ tul /tul/ `on, above',1 dal /døl/ `mountain', and Middle Mon duiw /døw/ `hill, hilltop'2 ]. definitions 1 n. Head, top; head-shaped formation, dome, hillock, eminence; swelling, bulge. 2 v.tr. To carry or have on the head; to lift to the head (in token of respect). 3 v.intr. To swell, bulge, push up or out.3 see: *pdūl, paṃdul, pradul notes 1 Shorto, 162. 2 Shorto, 188. 3 Cf. Pou, 263a (dval2).
nirvvāpa /nɪrˈwaːp/ A1875     †[Sanskrit nirvāpa `offering, oblation (esp. in honour of a deceased ancestor); sacrificial rice; gift, alms', < nir-√vāp `to offer, present (esp. sacrificial food, the funeral oblation or libation to deceased relatives)']. definitions 1 n. The rite of offering food to deceased ancestors and relatives. 2 v.intr. To make an offering to departed relatives.1 references K.215:16 (A.D. 949, C III:34), hapax. citations ... ʼāyatta ta pādamūla leṅ nirvvāpa neḥ dharmma yeṅ ... (K.215:16-7), `... it devolves upon the pādamūla to sanction services to the dead in this pious work of ours ... '. notes 1 Cf. C III:36, note 8.
°pāramitā ~ °pāramita /ɓarəmɪˈɗaː/ A2129     †[Sanskrit pāramitā `complete attainment, perfection in; one of the six (or ten) transcendental virtues of Buddhism', < adj. `gone to the opposite shore, transcendent (as spiritual knowledge)', ppl. of param√i `to go to the other side']. definitions 1 n. Transcendental virtue, perfection. see: prajñāpāramitā, ʼabhinesakramapāramita
preta /preːt/ A2411     †[Mod. Khmer ប្រេត pret /preːt ~ praːɛt/ ``n. ghost / evil spirit ...; adj. to be damned''; Sanskrit preta `the spirit of a dead person (esp. before obsequial rites are performed); ghost, evil being', < adj. `dead, departed' (ppl. of pra-√i `to go out or away, depart this life')]. definitions 1 n. The spirit of a dead person, esp. evil spirit. references K.99S:16 (A.D. 932, C VI:107), hapax.
vasanapāla /wɔsənəˈɓaːl/ PA3222     †[Sanskrit *vasanapāla, < vasana `(clerical) vestments, monk's habits', + pāla]. definitions 1 n. Keeper or custodian of clerical apparel.1 cf: vastrapāla references K.74:7 (A.D. 697, C VI:18), hapax. notes 1 Pou, 436a; LS, 515.
lakṣmīndratatāka /laksmindrəɗəˈɗaːk/ A3240     †[Sanskrit *lakṣmīndrataṭāka, < lakṣmīndra, prob. epithet of Viṣṇu (`lord of Lakṣmī'), + taṭāka]. definitions 1 n. Name of a pool or reservoir dedicated to Viṣṇu. references K.702B:5 (A.D. 1025, C V:222), hapax. citations travāṅ jmaḥ lakṣmīndratatāka (K.702B:5), `a reservoir called the Lakṣmīndrataṭāka'.
śālagrāma° /saləˈgraːm/ PA3548     †[Sanskrit śālagrāma, toponym (`village of the śāl trees'), < śāla `the śāl tree, Vatica Robusta',1 + grāma]. definitions 1 n. Name of a village on the river Gaṇḍakī sacred to votaries of Viṣṇu. 2 n. Epithet of Viṣṇu as worshipped at Śālagrāma. 3 n. A black stone containing fossil ammonite, found near Śālagrāma and supposed to be imbued with the presence of Viṣṇu.2 notes 1 Dastur, 191 (item 232): Shorea robusta Gaertn. F (Dipterocarpaceæ). 2 All from MW 1067a. But see Bhattacharya, Religions brahmaniques, 119.
vaidūryya /wɤyˈduːr/ A3656     †[Sanskrit vaidūrya `cat's-eye; (as final of compound) jewel, anything excellent of its kind']. definitions 1 n. Cat's-eye. references K.393S:32 (A.D. 1055?, C VII:63), hapax.
śīla ~ śila ~ śil /siːl/ A3875     †[Mod. Khmer សីល sīl /sɤl ~ sɤyˈlaʔ/;1 Sanskrit śīla `morality, piety, virtue, moral conduct; moral precept', < √śīl `to practice, exercise, cultivate']. definitions 1 n. Moral precept(s) or principle(s). 2 n. Moral conduct: morality, virtue. distinguish: śilā references śil: K.413B:12 (A.D. 1361, RS I, № IV:94, JSS, 61.1:133, BEFEO, LXV:343);2 śila: K.444A:26 (A.D. 974, C II:62); K.868A:16 (A.D. 974, C VI:170); K.175S:1 (A.D. 979/87, C VI:173); K.397:8 (A.D. 1109, RS III, № 61:131); K.413A:26, B:39, 44 (A.D. 1361, RS I, № IV:91); śīla: K.91B:19 (A.D. 1078-1177, C II:126). citations ... śrī kavīśvarapaṇḍita ʼji mātṛpākṣa yeṅ mān śīla pañcarātra ghṛ[t]āhāra jā guru tapovana pvan ʼanle ... (K.91B:18-9), `... Śrī Kavīśvarapaṇḍita, our maternal ancestor, observed the precepts of the Pañcarātra order, subsisted on clarified butter, [and] served as spiritual preceptor of four tapovana ... '. notes 1 See Headley, 1294a. 2 BEFEO, XVII.2:11 reads çilā.
śreṣṭha ~ sreṣṭha /sreːh/ A3910     †[Cf. mod. Pālicized Khmer សេដ្ឋា seṭṭha /sethaʔ/ ``adj. to be good, excellent, noble; outstanding, supreme, distinguished (formal)''; Sanskrit śreṣṭha `best, first, chief; most excellent (splendid, beautiful, auspicious, &c.)', superlative of śrī]. definitions 1 v.st. To be most excellent, best, chief. references sreṣṭha: K.879:10 (A.D. 1041, C V:235); śreṣṭha: K.270S/2°c:8 (A.D. 921, C IV:68); K.241S:5 (A.D. 966, C III:77); K.262N:26, 34 (A.D. 968, C IV:108); K.669B:38, D:45 (A.D. 972, C I:159); K.538A:13 (A.D. 978, BEFEO, XXV:369); K.220S:3 (A.D. 1002, C VI:225); K.207:26 (A.D. 1042, C III:16); K.366A:29 (A.D. 1139, C V:288).
saṅkalpa /səŋˈkal/ A3942     †[Sanskrit saṃkalpa `will, volition, desire, purpose, intention; declaration of intention, solemn vow (to perform a ritual observance)']. definitions 1 n. Wish, desire. 2 n. Intention, determination, resolution; vow. references K.152:13, 14 (A.D. 878-1077, C V:191); K.754B:9 (A.D. 1308, BEFEO, XXXVI:14, APK I:262).
unmīlita ~ unmilita /ʔʊnmiˈlɪt/ A5007     †[Sanskrit unmīlita `opened (as a flower or eye), made visible', < ut-√mīl `to open the eyes; to become visible, come forth, appear']. definitions 1 v.cs. To make visible, spec. to unveil, reveal, exhibit (the image of a divinity for the first time): to install, inaugurate, dedicate. references unmilita: K.412:6 (A.D. 978-1077, RS II, № XXI:29); unmīlita: K.235D:46, 48, 48 bis, 49, 60 (A.D. 1052, BEFEO, XLIII:56).1 citations vraḥ kamrateṅ śrī jayendrapandita thve sruk noḥ phoṅ viṅ unmilita vraḥ noḥ mān ti sthāpanā viṅ ○ (K.235D:46), `My Holy High Lord Śrī Jayendrapaṇḍita rebuilt the said sruk [and] dedicated their images which [he] had had set up again'. notes 1 The readings of Finot (BEFEO, XV.2:74), Dupont (BEFEO, XLIII:90-1), and Chakravarti (149, 157, 167) consistently give long ī in the second syllable. The new transcription by M. Claude Jacques (manuscript, 4-5) gives short i in all five cases.