tɔk⁵³ni³¹a cheat mɔ⁵³ndɔk⁵⁵a kind of bamboo mɔ¹³kə³³thjap³¹a little ɬai⁵³ɣən⁵³ljiŋ³³abacus ɕi⁵³ləp³¹abdomen tə³³jau³¹above ɕu³¹tshe¹³acquaintance tɕu³¹qɔ³³paːi⁵³afternoon hən³¹pən⁵⁵afterward thi³¹tu⁵⁵after hən³¹maːi¹³age tə³³ŋaːn³³ahead sek⁵³air lə³³also phjiŋ³¹mən³¹alveolar ridge tei³¹and, to follow mat⁵³jɔŋ⁵⁵ankle joint ʔi⁵³mən³¹ankle, small of back ɣəːn³³ant lɔŋ¹³ʔi⁵³anus ve¹¹jau⁵³apron mbju⁵³qɔ³³area, place ɣəm¹³ti⁵⁵arm hɣət⁵³astringent sek⁵³qɔ⁵⁵atmosphere khwən¹³axe mən³¹pɯ⁵³baby teeth nən³¹back and forth tjiːp³¹back basket tɔk⁵³tɕɔːŋ³³thi³¹ɲɔ³³back door pɔ⁵⁵jɔŋ⁵⁵back of calf nɔŋ¹³ti⁵⁵back of hand lɔŋ¹³jei⁵⁵back of knee lɔŋ¹³qɔŋ⁵³back of throat te¹³qɔ¹³back tshe¹³ti⁵⁵bad person vaːi¹¹bad, to break, go bad thi³¹paːu⁵³bag ɬjuk⁵³mbu⁵⁵bald head tɕhəŋ¹³ɣuːŋ¹³bamboo grove tɕhək³¹ɣuːŋ¹³bamboo joint mbɔŋ⁵⁵bamboo shoots tɕaːŋ³¹tat³¹bamboo strip weaver taːt³¹bamboo strip mɔ⁵³ɣuːŋ¹³bamboo tɕuːi⁵⁵banana pɔ³³ɕin⁵³bandit tɕuk⁵³təŋ⁵⁵barrel hoop jaːi¹³bat ŋi³¹tɔk³¹bean oil tɔk³¹bean tɔk⁵³suk⁵³beard, sideburns pən³³tɕak⁵³beautiful (woman) jau⁵³bed ŋi³¹lei³³beef tallow qɔ⁵⁵beeswax mɔ³¹kaːi⁵⁵bee jɔŋ³¹ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵beggar tə³³pən⁵⁵behind ɕi⁵³belly, intestine qə³¹lai⁵³below pe³³huːŋ¹³beside river kɣɔ⁵³ljiŋ³³big road thəm¹³sən⁵³bird egg sən⁵³bird ɬai⁵³pan⁵⁵birthmark ɬai⁵³tən⁵³tɕaŋ⁵³bittermelon tɕaŋ⁵³bitter lei³³ljei⁵³black cow qɔ⁵⁵ljim³³black sky tɕaːŋ³¹luːn¹³blacksmith ɣaːu⁵⁵blanket mat⁵³tɕap⁵³blind person paŋ⁵⁵ŋi³¹block of lard saːm⁵³blood sɔŋ⁵³boat tshu¹³body awaiting burial suk⁵³pə⁵³body hair, down feathers ɬai⁵³mbu⁵⁵body louse mbu⁵⁵mbaːi⁵³body, health nde⁵³qaːu¹³boiled water pɔ³³lju¹³Bolyu pau³¹je⁵⁵bone si⁵⁵book pɔ³³tən⁵³bore pig ɕəp⁵³taːi⁵³borer moth vak³¹bottle gourd tɕit⁵³mau¹¹boundary marker tɕit⁵³boundary nɔ³¹Bouyei pəm⁵⁵bowl (crude) tai¹³bowl (small) tai¹³saːu⁵⁵bowl (wood) tɕuŋ⁵³bow təp³¹bracelet thɔŋ¹³mbu⁵⁵brain ɕət⁵³brake fern mjaŋ³¹brake fern luːŋ¹³jəːn³³brass qhe¹³jaːn³³breakfast khit³¹breast of woman su⁵⁵tɕuːŋ⁵³brewer's yeast ɲɔ³³ŋɔ¹³brick house tɕaːŋ³¹ŋɔ¹³bricklayer qɔ³³mən¹³bride tɕau¹³bridge ljaŋ⁵³bright mən³¹broken rice ʨuk⁵³təŋ⁵⁵bronze drum je⁵⁵pei⁵⁵broom təŋ³³jit⁵³pei¹³brown sugar pɔ³³vɔ¹³buffalo bull mɔ³¹vɔ¹³buffalo cow mɔ³¹tɕin⁵⁵bumblebee ʨuŋ⁵³ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵burned on rice pjip³³busy pau⁵³te⁵⁵buttocks tɕɔŋ⁵³lau⁵³button hole kat⁵³phje¹³button tut⁵⁵thəp³³cabbage ɬai⁵³qaːu⁵³calabash mɔ³¹tshau⁵⁵tshən⁵³camphorwood tree la³¹tɕu³¹candle je⁵⁵təŋ¹³cane ve¹¹phje¹³cape kje⁵³jiːm⁵⁵capon paːu¹¹carpenter's plane kɯ⁵³carpenter's saw tɕaːŋ³¹saːu⁵⁵carpenter je⁵⁵tap⁵³carrying pole mjau⁵³vi³³cat to meow ɕəp⁵³suk⁵³caterpillar tɕhɔ³¹lɔŋ¹³mi³¹cattle bridle je⁵⁵ʔə⁵³cattle whip kha¹³ɲɔ³³central room ljau³³mau¹¹ɣə³³centre of a grindstone kaːŋ³³ceramic barrel ljiŋ¹³və³³cereals lɔŋ¹³pəːm³¹cesspool kaːu⁵⁵tɕin⁵⁵chair, woven straw trivet lun³¹chaotic ɬai⁵³kwe⁵⁵chestnut, pineapple thəm¹³kje⁵³chicken egg suk⁵³kje⁵³chicken feathers tju⁵³chicken louse ɬək⁵³chicken pox kje⁵³ thəm¹³chickens lay eggs kje⁵³chicken qɔ³³je⁵³child maːn¹¹chillies, hot peppers tu⁵⁵ɬin⁵³Chinese cabbage mɔ⁵³tu⁵³ɕaːi⁵⁵Chinese toon tree phjin³³chin tsɔːŋ³³chisel tɯ³³chopsticks ɕəp⁵³tɕhaːn³¹cicada se⁵³su⁵⁵kwi⁵³cigarette paper qɔŋ⁵⁵su⁵⁵kwi⁵³cigarette je⁵⁵ve¹¹clavicle qɔ⁵⁵laːu¹³clear day ʔiːn⁵⁵close jaːn³³cloth for carrying baby naːu³¹nən³¹cloth shoes phje¹³clothing nən³¹cloth qɔ⁵⁵səm⁵³cloudy qɔ⁵⁵vɯk³¹cloud nən³¹tshu⁵³club foot ʔi⁵³ljim³¹coat on tongue pan³¹naːu³¹cobbler saːu⁵⁵tɕhi¹³coffin se⁵³ndjɔ⁵⁵cold (illness) nde⁵³kəŋ⁵³cold water kəŋ⁵³cold ljim³¹phje¹³collar tse³¹comb (coarse) kut⁵³comb (fine-tooth) nau³¹paːm¹³comforter covering ɬək⁵³comforter wadding paːm¹³comforter, quilt ndap⁵³cooked rice tɕin⁵³cooked, ripe ɕəːm⁵⁵cool luːŋ¹³ʔau⁵³copper (unrefined) mbən⁵³taːi⁵³mbən⁵³corn-rice vermicelli ljet³³tək⁵³corners of mouth taːi⁵³corn kwaŋ¹¹ɬjit⁵³corpse ɣaːi⁵⁵vaːi¹¹cotton thread ɣaːi⁵⁵nɔk³¹course thread kau⁵⁵lei³³cow horn tɔk⁵³wu⁵⁵lei³³cow's nose ring lei³³cow, ox lɔk³¹lei³³cowherd qɔk⁵³cowstall ndən³³kje⁵³coxcomb ndjaːŋ⁵⁵crippled tɕhəp³¹crisp tɔk⁵³pjit⁵³crooked mouth pjit⁵³crooked tɕhəp³¹crossbeam tɕhaŋ³¹pi⁵⁵crotch of trousers ʔe⁵³crow mat¹³tsəp⁵³tsɔ³³tsu³³tsip⁵³khɔk³¹cuckoo ɬai⁵³tjiŋ⁵⁵cucumber ɬə³³cutting board pe³¹daughter' child qɔ³³mən³³daughter-in-law qɔn⁵⁵phju³¹daughter qɔ³³mɔŋ³¹ljaŋ⁵³dawn pai⁵³mjək³³day after tomorrow night qə³³mjək³³day after tomorrow hən³¹ʔu³¹ŋɔ³³ɕi⁵⁵day before day before yesterday hən³¹ŋɔ³³ɕi⁵⁵day before yesterday mbau⁵⁵day, cloudy tɕaːi³¹ɬjit⁵³dead person mbaːu⁵⁵deaf person tshe¹³mbau⁵⁵deaf person ɣau¹³deep jɔ³¹lɔ¹³demon, spirit, soul mən¹³dense, thickly matted qɔ³³lje³¹descendants jɔk³³dipper ʔaːm⁵⁵dirt ɕəp⁵³mi³¹tsu⁵³dog louse fly mɔ⁵³qɔ⁵⁵dog skin (goupi) tree tsu⁵³dog lɔ³¹ʔɔ³³don't ɬjim⁵³tɔk⁵³tɕɔːŋ³³door hinges kwaŋ³¹tɔk⁵³tɕɔːŋ³³door opening tɔk⁵³tɕɔːŋ³³door tsəm⁵³double la³¹pjiŋ⁵³downstairs li¹³dragon paːu¹³dream, sleeptalk mbən⁵³qɔ⁵⁵drizzle qɔ⁵⁵hɯk⁵³drought thəm¹³ ɬjaːŋ⁵⁵duck egg pjit⁵⁵duck tɔk⁵³ɬjaːŋ⁵⁵duck tu³¹dull ɲɔ⁵³thəp¹¹dumplings wrapped & steamed pjan⁵³ʨi⁵³dust pan mbən⁵³mau¹¹dust ɕuk⁵³ɕi⁵³dysentery mɔ⁵³ljaːŋ³¹eagle ʔi⁵³lɔ³¹ʨaːi⁵⁵ear excrement qɔ³³jaŋ¹³ɬjaːŋ⁵⁵early morning ljaŋ³³lju³³earrings qe¹³earth lɔ³¹ʨaːi⁵⁵ear sə⁵³ɲɔ³³eaves of roof ndən⁵³tu⁵⁵edible moss ndən⁵³ɕaːŋ⁵⁵edible moss paːn⁵⁵ŋi³¹edible oil thəm¹³kwe⁵⁵egg chick can't get out thəm¹³ ɬjuk⁵³egg liquid with chick ɬai⁵³ɲɔŋ⁵⁵eggplant, tomato ɬai⁵³kə¹³eggplant tsɔŋ¹³thəm¹³eggshell thəm¹³egg maːn¹³saːm⁵³eighteen saːm⁵³maːn¹³eighty saːm⁵³eight maːn¹³maːi³¹eleven nən³¹ɬjap⁵³embroidered cloth phje¹³ɬjap⁵³embroidered cloth luːŋ¹³empty maːi¹³pət⁵³end of month ʨəm³¹even (number) qɔ³³paːi⁵³evening tu³³ʨɔŋ⁵⁵everyone lɔŋ¹³mau¹¹ɣə³³ eye (mouth) of grindstone ʔi⁵³mat⁵³eye excrement suk⁵³mat⁵³eye lashes lɔŋ¹³mat⁵³eye socket mbɔŋ⁵⁵mat⁵³eyelid ɬai⁵³mat⁵³eye tjɔ⁵³ɬe³³face ʨa⁵⁵false, wrong ɕip⁵³fan sjeːŋ⁵³fart lap⁵³fast ɕɔ⁵³ŋi³¹fat meat tən⁵³pəŋ³¹fat pig tən⁵³ŋi³¹fat pig pəŋ³¹fat, fat person pɔ³³tə³¹pən⁵⁵father's ancestors ma³¹ljɔ¹³father's older brother's wife ljɔ¹³father's older brother ʔu⁵³father's older sister ʔaːu⁵³father's younger brother qɔ³³te⁵³father's younger sister's husband je⁵³father's younger sister pa³¹father suk⁵³ʨhi³¹feathers, fully fledged/old ʔi⁵³feces suk⁵³pjit⁵³female pubic hair qɔ¹³mɔ³¹female mət¹¹ti⁵⁵field maːn¹³me³¹fifteen maːn¹³me³¹kuet⁵³fifty ɣaːi⁵⁵ɲaŋ⁵³fine thread maːi¹³ti⁵⁵fingernail ɬjap⁵³ti⁵⁵fingerprint sworls naːp³¹ti⁵⁵fingerprint mɔ³¹mau¹³finger mɔ³¹ti⁵⁵finger li³¹finished, late mɔ⁵³ɕək⁵³fir tree, cedar pɔŋ⁵³phu³¹mət³³fire blowing tube ʨəp³¹lun¹³fire tongs ɕəp⁵³laːu⁵³li⁵⁵firefly hɔŋ³¹lɔŋ³¹tsuːn⁵⁵fireplace area ʨaːu⁵³firewood knife vi⁵⁵firewood mət³³fire mi³¹first name ʔi³³ʔə⁵³tɔk⁵³qɔ⁵³fishing pole tjaːŋ³³fishnet qɔ⁵³fish tshəp³¹fist me³¹five ɬjaːŋ⁵⁵flat nən³¹ku³¹kək⁵³flax cloth ɲɔ¹³flea the³¹mət³³flint nde⁵³ɬəm⁵³flood ɬe⁵³lau³¹floorslab ɬjak⁵³flower pɔŋ³¹lɯ¹³flute ɕəp⁵³li³¹tjət⁵³fly ɕəp⁵³mi³¹fly vɯk¹³fog jɔ³¹han³³food supplies tei³¹food supplies qhe¹³food, meal jɔŋ⁵⁵foot ŋaːn³³mbjaŋ⁵³forehead qɔ³¹qhɔk³¹foreskin pun⁵³man¹³forty wɔ³³ɲɔ³³foundation maːn¹³puːn⁵³fourteen puːn⁵³four ljim⁵³fragrant ndai⁵³frame (bed, window etc.) se⁵³qɔ⁵⁵fresh air phe³¹frog te³³tɕi³³front door laːm³¹full phje¹³ʨhi¹³funeral shroud ɬai⁵³taːŋ⁵⁵gallbladder jeːŋ¹³tu⁵⁵garden pjaŋ¹³pɯ⁵³garlic sprouts pjaŋ¹³thau¹³garlic he¹¹ʨhi¹³Gelao ʨiŋ⁵⁵ginger qɔ³³phju³¹girl tɔ⁵³tɔ⁵³ʔɔ³³na¹³give-not give maːt³¹ti⁵⁵gloves ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵ŋe³¹glutinous cooked rice te⁵³ŋe³¹glutinous rice plant qhe¹³ŋe³¹glutinous rice mi³¹ju³¹ʔɔ³³go-not go jiŋ⁵³qhɔŋ¹³goat hji⁵⁵gold jɔ³¹kə³³jɔ³¹gone pə⁵³pɔŋ³¹lei³¹gong tshe¹³laːu¹³good person laːu¹³good haːn¹¹ (Zhuang) goose ʔɔ⁵³tsɔ⁵⁵grain ɕaːŋ⁵³granary qɔ³³lje¹³grandchild, grandson ta³¹grandfather ja³¹grandmother, old woman ɬai⁵³pjim⁵³grape ʨhɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵³lju⁵⁵grass rope ʨaːn³¹grasshopper tu³¹ʔɔ⁵³grass ləp³³pei⁵³gravestone, stele tablet ʔu¹³ləp³³graveyard ləp³³grave qa⁵³lje³¹great grandchild ta³¹tɔ³¹great grandfather ja³¹tɔ³¹great grandmother nən³¹ɕaːŋ⁵⁵green cloth phe³¹ʔjaːŋ⁵³green frog tu⁵⁵ɕaːŋ⁵⁵green vegetables ɕəp⁵³mi³¹greens qɔ³³tsɔ¹³groom pɔ³³jiŋ³¹guest pɔ³³ɕən⁵³guide thiŋ³¹mən³¹gums su⁵⁵ʨuŋ⁵³gunpowder ʨuŋ⁵³lap⁵³gun lai⁵³qə³¹pjin⁵⁵hail qɔ³³pjin⁵⁵hail tu³³hammer he¹¹Han Chinese ɕit⁵³hand and arm nap³¹ti⁵⁵hand tendons nən³¹jau¹³handwoven cloth ti⁵⁵hand ɕi⁵⁵hwən⁵³happy ʨhi¹³hard, tough pjim³¹hard, tough tɔk⁵³hɣaːu⁵⁵hare lip ʨɔ⁵³harrow frame ʨhɔ³¹ʨɔ⁵³harrow harness hɯ⁵⁵harrow maːu¹³hat tsɔ⁵⁵ɕaŋ⁵³have eaten ʔi⁵⁵he/she/it suk⁵³mbu⁵⁵head hair pi⁵³head louse mbu⁵⁵tshe¹³head of person qa⁵³mat³¹head wrap ɬai⁵³mbu⁵⁵head ɬai⁵³ni³¹heart ɬaŋ⁵³qɔ⁵⁵heavens maːi¹³heavy ɬai⁵³qəp³¹heel ku³¹kak⁵³hemp fabric ʨɔ³¹ɕin⁵³lə⁵³hemp mɔ³¹kje⁵³hen khən¹³here ʨhu³¹hoe ŋəm³¹hold in mouth, to suck on təːŋ¹³kaːi⁵⁵honey qɔm⁵⁵ljiŋ³³ horse fodder pap⁵³ljiŋ³³ horse hooves ji³³ljiŋ³³horse tail ljiŋ³³horse mbaːi⁵³ɲɔ³³host nde⁵³pjiŋ⁵³hot water pjiŋ⁵³hot, warm ɬai⁵³kə¹³hotbed chives, qiegua ɲɔ³³household vɣə³¹qaːi⁵⁵how maːi³¹jɔ¹³hundred mən³³hungry tsu⁵³hu¹³hunting dog ku⁵³te⁵³husband mother's sister tau⁵⁵husband qam⁵³husk, chaff ʔaːu⁵⁵I, me qu⁵⁵illness jiːŋ¹³incense mən³¹qɔ³¹incisors hap³¹mək³¹ink pad nde⁵³mək³¹ink thi¹¹insanity, insane person ɕəp⁵³insect ndaːi⁵⁵inside thjaŋ³¹jɔŋ⁵⁵instep ɕi⁵⁵intelligent luːn¹³iron maːi¹³ʨiŋ⁵⁵January, first month ʨhək³¹ti⁵⁵joint ʨhɔ³¹mi¹³joke tjuk⁵³jəp³¹tjuk⁵³tse³¹jump up and down tə³³pən³³just jɔŋ³¹klɔːŋ³³key ɲɔ³³lɔŋ³³saːu⁵³kitchen pau³¹qu⁵⁵knee pe³³ʔan⁵⁵lake shore/bank taŋ⁵³lamp puŋ³¹taŋ⁵³lantern tjip⁵³large barrel, back basket mɔ³¹vət³³thau¹³large grindstone ɕi⁵³thau¹³large intestine ɣjɔk³¹large spoon waːi¹³last name pai⁵³ɕi⁵⁵last night nəːm¹³ɕi⁵⁵last year ʨau³¹hə³¹pi⁵⁵late morning ʨu³¹qɔ³³jaŋ¹³late morning ʨik⁵³lazy person lɔ³¹vi⁵⁵leaf nak³¹lean meat ʨhɔ³¹tsɔŋ³³mbuŋ⁵⁵leather belt tɕhɔ³¹tshɔŋ¹³mbun⁵⁵leather belt naːu³¹mbuŋ⁵⁵leather shoes mbjɔk⁵³leech ɣəm¹³ti⁵⁵left hand ɬan³¹ɕit⁵³left hand ɕit⁵³left side qhe¹³kəŋ⁵³leftovers/rice tsan⁵³qhe¹³leftovers/rice lau³³leg, thigh nu¹³leprosy thaːŋ³³lie down kwɔ⁵³qe¹³life experience ʨhi¹¹ləŋ¹³lifespan ʨhi¹¹life taːn³¹light in weight qɔ⁵⁵ljeːt⁵³lightning mau¹¹mət³³limestone phje¹³ku³¹kək⁵³linen clothing ɣaːi⁵⁵ku³¹kək⁵³linen thread pən³³tɔk⁵³lips mbuːŋ⁵⁵liver ɬaːŋ⁵⁵pjaːi¹³lizard nən³¹jau¹³local cloth ɬe⁵³tɔk⁵³tɕɔːŋ³³lock, door bolt lɔːŋ³³lock ʨan³¹locust ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵long grain rice pi⁵⁵ləːŋ³³long pants jəm³³longtime ləːŋ³³long ɬai⁵³luːŋ¹³loquat tree jɔŋ⁵⁵ɬəŋ⁵⁵lower leg maːi¹³səm⁵³lunar eclipse qhe¹³mbi⁵⁵lunch pjin¹³lungs pɔ⁵⁵tsu⁵³mad dog suk⁵³pu³¹male pubic hair qɔ³¹pɔ³³male hau¹³ʨhi³¹market place ʨhaːŋ³¹mau¹¹mason pai⁵³tu⁵⁵matchmaker tshɔŋ¹³ɕɔ⁵³meat slices ɕɔ⁵³meat ʨuːŋ⁵³su⁵⁵medicinal wine su⁵⁵medicine mɔ³¹tən⁵³melon seed ɬai⁵³tən⁵³melon, pumpkin mbaːi⁵³saːm⁵³menstruation mjin⁵⁵Miao, Hmong tjip⁵³tshəm¹³midnight mbən⁵³ɲin⁵³milk powder ʨhɔ³¹tsɔŋ³³qɔ⁵⁵Milky Way ɲin⁵³milk mɔ¹³mau¹¹ɣə³³millhouse kwaŋ³¹mau¹¹ɣə³³millstone trough mau¹¹ɣə³³thau¹³millstone nəm³¹moist, humid khət³¹nəm³¹molars ʨen³³money ɬei⁵³monkey ŋəm¹³monolingual Bolyu maːi¹³month qə³¹maːi¹³moon qaːu⁵⁵jaːu⁵³mosquito net hook jaːu⁵³mosquito net ɕəp⁵³jaːu⁵³mosquito tu⁵⁵khɔ¹³nde⁵³moss mɔ³¹te⁵⁵pən⁵⁵mother's ancestors mɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵⁵mother's brother's wife pɔ³³ʔɔ⁵⁵mother's brother pau¹³mother's father taːi¹³mother's mother ku³¹te⁵³mother's sister's husband je⁵³mother's sister ma³¹mother qhɔŋ¹³mountain, ridge, incline lɔŋ¹³tɔk⁵³mouth ndɔŋ⁵⁵much ʔi⁵³ɲən³³mucus mɔ³¹ʔuːŋ⁵⁵mud dauber qɔ⁵³pjaːi¹³mudfish su⁵⁵mət³³mugwort lɔ³³mule ɕɔ⁵³nap³¹muscle ŋaːm¹³mute person phjaːŋ³¹mute, idiot lɔŋ¹³sən⁵³navel tap³¹near vjaːŋ¹³ɬu¹³necklace pɔŋ³³lɔŋ³¹neck mjɔ¹³newt nəːm¹³pən⁵⁵next year pai⁵³mjuk³¹night after tomorrow night pai⁵³ɲɔ³³ɕi⁵⁵night before last maːn¹³ɕən⁵³nineteen ɕən⁵³man¹³ninety ɕən⁵³nine tɔk⁵³ɲin⁵³nipple ɣuːŋ¹³nitre ʨu³¹qɔ³³pi⁵⁵noon lɔŋ¹³mi³¹nose, nostril ʨɔ³¹ɕaŋ⁵³not exist lau³¹lau³¹ʔɔ³³not want tsɔ⁵⁵haːn³³not yet eaten ʔɔ⁵³tsɔ⁵⁵not yet gone ʔɔ³³not hau¹³ni⁵⁵now tsi³¹se⁵⁵official sɔ⁵⁵ŋi³¹oil cake ŋi³¹oil wɔ⁵³ɲɔ³³jəːm³³old houses tshe¹³ʨhi¹³old man ʨau³¹thɔ³¹paːi⁵⁵olden days vi³¹older brother ʨau³¹ʨhi¹³older generation vi³¹older sister jəːm³³old mə³¹pəm³³nde⁵³one barrel of water mə³¹ndai⁵³ɲɔ³¹tɯŋ³³one basket of sweet potatoes mə³¹tei³³qhe¹³one bowl of rice mə³¹tap⁵³nde⁵³one bucket of water mə³¹təp³¹saːu⁵³one bunch of grass mə³¹təp⁵³tu⁵⁵one bunch of vegetables mə³¹mbjɔk⁵³ndai⁵³one classifier basket mə³¹pɯk⁵³sɴ⁵⁵one classifier book mə³¹mbjɔk⁵³tei³³one classifier bowl mə³¹pan³³suk³¹kwi⁵³one classifier cigarette mə³¹ʨai¹³phje¹³one classifier clothing mə³¹mbjɔk⁵³thəm¹³one classifier egg mə³¹qɔŋ³³ɬjək⁵³one classifier flower mə³¹laŋ³³suk⁵³mbu⁵⁵one classifier hair mə³¹mbjɔk⁵³ɲɔ³³one classifier house mə³¹kɔ³³thau¹³one classifier large road mə³¹pɔŋ³³tshe¹³one classifier person mə³¹kɯ⁵⁵ɬaːŋ⁵⁵one classifier snake mə³¹hɣən⁵³wən³¹one classifier song mə³¹laŋ³³saːu⁵⁵one classifier tree mə³¹tsəm³¹qɔ³³kje⁵³one clutch of chicks mə³¹tsəm³¹ɣaːp³¹one couple mə³¹pjau⁵⁵ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵one grain corn mə³¹thjəp³¹ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵one handful of rice mə³¹ɲɔ³³he¹¹one household of Han mə³¹ɲɔ³³mjin⁵⁵one household of Miao mə³¹ʨhɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵³one length of rope mə³¹lam³¹qhe¹³one meal of rice mə³¹tsəm³¹jen⁵³ʨiŋ³³one pair of glasses mə³¹tsəm³¹maːt³¹one pair of socks mə³¹ʨaŋ³¹nən⁵³one panel of cloth mə³¹mbjɔk⁵³ʨen³³one penny mə³¹ljaŋ³³mət¹¹ti⁵⁵one piece of field mə³¹khi¹³qe¹³one piece of land mə³¹tsɔŋ³¹ɕɔ⁵³one piece of meat mə³¹paːm³³tu⁵⁵one plate of food mə³¹taːu⁵³pət³¹one ream (100 sheets) of paper mə³¹pjək⁵³tei³³one rice bowl mə³¹qaːt³¹ɲɔ³³one row of houses mə³¹qaːt³¹maːn¹¹one skewer of peppers mə³¹laŋ³³tu⁵⁵one stalk of vegetable mat⁵³tɔk⁵³one-eyed person maːi³¹one pjaːŋ¹³pɔŋ³¹onion ŋan¹³tɔk⁵³opposite ɬai⁵³kaːm⁵⁵orange tree nə³¹ɣə³³others phje¹³paːm¹³outside clothing ɲi³³luk³¹outside wu¹³tu³³owl tshe³¹ʔai⁵⁵own household ɣɔk⁵³ox yoke təm¹³ti⁵⁵paddy wall ʨhɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵³ɣa³³jei⁵⁵palm bark rope tjɔ⁵⁵ti⁵⁵palm of hand mɔ³¹ɣa³³jei⁵⁵palm ʔəp⁵³ʨaːu⁵⁵pan cover pat⁵³paper mɔ⁵³həm³³peach tree ŋi³¹hua⁵³sən⁵³peanut oil ɬai⁵³kek⁵³pear tree lɔ³¹sɔ⁵³pea pu³¹penis ɬai⁵³tjit⁵³penny pincher, miser pjen⁵³mək¹³pen ɬai⁵³tjit⁵³persimmon tshe¹³person lɔŋ¹³paːn⁵⁵pestle pat⁵³pheasant tu⁵⁵ʨit⁵⁵pickled vegetables luːn¹³ʔau⁵³pig iron qə⁵³ɬei⁵⁵pigeon tən⁵³pig mɔ⁵³ɣɔːŋ³³pillar pu⁵⁵ɲən⁵³pillow mɔ³¹sɔŋ⁵⁵pine nuts tai¹³su⁵⁵kwi⁵³pipe bowl tək⁵³ni³¹pit of stomach lɔŋ¹³ʔaːm⁵⁵pit, cellar phje¹³qa³³je⁵³placenta, fetal sac ɬjit⁵³pe³¹plague tsəp⁵³paːu¹¹plane blade paːn¹¹plate tɔk⁵³khwi¹³plowshare ʨɔŋ³³plow mɔ⁵³qɔ⁵⁵plum tree pjin⁵³qu⁵⁵pneumonia kaːn³³pock marked taːi³¹phje¹³pocket tɔk³¹poison kaŋ¹³pole for carrying nɔ¹³polio ɬuŋ⁵³nde⁵³pond pɔ³³ɕɔ⁵⁵poor person vjaːŋ¹¹ʨaːu⁵⁵pot ring ʨaːu⁵⁵pot ɬjək⁵³pox, measles phan¹¹kje⁵³pullet tɔŋ⁵⁵pus mɔ⁵³sən⁵³qing gan tree (mountain) mɔ⁵³kau³¹qing gan tree (valley) tu⁵⁵pau⁵³radish ɕaːn⁵³nən³¹rag lan³¹kan⁵³railing naːu³¹tɕaːu⁵³rainboots qə³¹səm⁵³tshɔ⁵³rainbow nde⁵³qɔ⁵⁵rainwater qɔ⁵⁵mɔ¹³rainy day ʨən³¹kau⁵³ʔau³³rather red ɬjiŋ⁵⁵rat təːŋ¹³ji⁵³pe³³raw sugar ʔau⁵³raw tsɔ¹³ray, illumination mbɔk⁵³li³³reason luːŋ¹³red, copper li³³ljim⁵³reed trumpet təːŋ¹³ɬjin³³refined sugar tə³¹pe³¹relatives lai⁵³pjɔ³¹ribs je⁵⁵pjɔ³¹ribs ɕəp⁵³te⁵³rice borer ɲɔ⁵³rice cake (baba) ɕai³¹thai⁵³rice drying area mbən⁵³ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵rice flour/noodle, vermicelli hɣɔk³¹rice pestle te⁵³rice plant nde⁵³ljaːn¹³rice porridge li¹³rice seedling qan⁵³te⁵³rice spike khɔn³³rice steamer ʨuːŋ⁵³ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵rice wine phap³¹rice wine jep⁵⁵jɔ⁵³rice-corn porridge qhe¹³ʔjaːŋ⁵⁵rice laːu¹³sɔ⁵⁵rich person təm¹³ridge or path in a field ɬan³¹ʨəm⁵⁵right hand ʨəm⁵⁵right side kai¹³khu⁵³ring thjaŋ³¹huːŋ¹³river bottom huːŋ¹³river, ditch mɔ³¹kɣɔ⁵³road ljeːŋ³³room of a house kje⁵³ʔɔ⁵⁵rooster to crow pɔ³³kje⁵³rooster ji¹¹roots of tree ɕəp⁵³ɕi⁵³roundworm ɣɔ³³ljiŋ³³saddle nde⁵³pjɔ³¹saliva, sputum mjaːm¹³ŋaːm¹³salty mjaːm¹³salt kai³¹sand ɕi⁵³mbuŋ⁵⁵nak³¹sausage kɯ⁵³sawdust ndən⁵⁵scalding mbɔŋ⁵⁵mbu⁵⁵scalp qɔ³¹scar, ulcer, hemorrhoid ʔan⁵⁵sea je⁵³ɲaŋ⁵³second wife ʨau³³sedan chair tshe¹³ʔaːi⁵⁵self təŋ³³kei⁵³sesame candy maːn¹³pei⁵⁵seventeen pei⁵⁵man¹³seventy pei⁵⁵seven mbuŋ⁵⁵pu³¹sexual intercourse qə⁵⁵ndaːi⁵⁵shadow ləp³¹shallow mban⁵³shaman, sorcerer mau¹¹khət³¹sharpening stone jiŋ⁵³sheep ljim⁵³shim, space filler qa³¹ɬun⁵³naːu³¹shoe opening thjaːŋ³¹naːu³¹shoe soles pɔ³³naːu³¹shoe tops naːu³¹shoes laːi⁵³short (not long/tall) pi⁵⁵lai⁵³short trousers tjim¹³ve¹¹shoulder padding ve¹¹shoulder qɔ³³nən³¹shuttle of loom mɔ³³qɔ³³sickle pə⁵³ɣəːŋ³³sieve phaːu⁵³thɔk³¹silk fabric ɣaːi⁵⁵tsan⁵³silk ɬu¹³silver ɬan³¹single, odd (number) maːn¹³pju⁵³sixteen pju⁵³man¹³sixty pju⁵³six kwaŋ¹¹size, build li⁵³skin dirt hɣək⁵³skinny mbɔŋ⁵⁵ɕɔ⁵³skin qhɔ¹³jeːn³³skirt waist jeːn³³skirt qɔ⁵⁵sky, rain mui³¹ljim⁵³sleep soundly tshau⁵⁵sʐ³¹sleeping mat taːi¹³phje¹³sleeve thjat³¹slippery ɕɔ⁵³ɲaŋ⁵³slow maːi¹³slow qɔn⁵⁵ljiŋ³³small horse, pony ɕi⁵³ɲaŋ⁵³small intestine ɲaŋ⁵³small, little, small amount ɕɔ⁵³laːp³¹smoked meat se⁵³mət³³smoke ɬaːŋ⁵⁵snake qə³¹ʨim⁵³snow, ice tshɔŋ¹³maːt³¹sock inserts maːt³¹socks tsi³¹wən³¹song qɔn⁵⁵son ɣau³³sound (sleep) nde⁵³tu⁵⁵soup, gravy ʨit⁵³sour mɔ³¹tən⁵³sow pig nde⁵³tɔk³¹soybean milk sun⁵³sparrow-like bird ɲəm³³spicy li³¹tjət⁵³spider tjau³¹kən⁵³spoon lɔŋ¹³teːk⁵³spring, water ŋaːt³¹sprout, to sprout jeːn³¹squirrel man³¹stable ndɔ⁵⁵stairs, ladder qə³¹pau³¹star phɔn¹¹steamer pje⁵³steep pɔ³³tə¹³pən⁵⁵stepfather mɔ³¹tə¹³pən⁵⁵stepmother ɬai⁵³lau¹³sticky rice balls tsən⁵³stinky ndən⁵³qu⁵⁵stomach disorder se⁵³stomach gas mau¹¹stone kau⁵⁵ljaːŋ³¹stool pjaːŋ⁵³storied building qə³¹təŋ⁵⁵phjin¹³storm wind tɔk¹³qɔŋ³³story tshi³¹straight hɔk³¹straw hat naːu³¹pəːn³¹straw shoes ʨhi³¹street qhe¹³kət⁵³stuck on rice pən³¹stupid ʨau³¹pən⁵⁵succeeding generations ji⁵³pe³³sugarcane təːŋ¹³sugar sɯŋ⁵⁵suitcase qə³¹hən¹³sunflower seed qə³¹lau¹³sunny day qə³¹muŋ³¹ljaŋ⁵³sunrise qə³¹ɬjaːŋ⁵⁵sunshine qə³¹hən¹³sun qhe¹³paːi⁵³supper qə⁵³lju³³qɔ¹³swallow səp⁵³sweat mɔ⁵³ɣə³¹je⁵⁵sweet gum ɲɔ³¹tɯŋ³³sweet potato ɬai⁵³jaːŋ³¹mei³¹sweet sour plums ʨuːŋ⁵³ljim⁵³sweet wine qhe¹³taːi⁵³sweetened riceballs mbɔ⁵⁵sword, scissors ʨɔːŋ³³table qɔn⁵⁵phe³¹tadpole tɔ¹³talk jau³¹tall ljem³³tardy nde⁵³ju³¹sə⁵⁵tea oil mɔ⁵³nde⁵³ju³¹se⁵⁵tea tree oil tɔ⁵⁵tsuːŋ³³teacher nde⁵³mat⁵³tear mɯk³¹tea mən³¹hɯ⁵⁵teeth of harrow phjiŋ¹³mən³¹teeth roots mən³¹teeth wu¹³tɔ³³tsi³³temples waːn¹¹ten thousand mbɯ⁵³tender pjam⁵³ɲɔ³³tent maːn¹³ten ɬai⁵³ɲɔ³¹testicle khəm¹³there hɣu⁵³these ʨɔːŋ⁵⁵they mən¹³puk⁵³thick laːt³³thin (not thick) maːn¹³paːi⁵⁵thirteen pai⁵⁵man¹³thirty nəm¹³kən⁵⁵this year nəːm¹³kən⁵⁵this year mə³³tuːŋ⁵⁵thousand ɣaːi⁵⁵thread tu⁵⁵pjin⁵³three-color amaranth paːi⁵⁵three təm³³ʨɔŋ³³threshold ɣɔ¹³throat qɔ⁵⁵tjuːŋ⁵⁵thunder jin⁵⁵tight tɔ³¹time (one time, two times) pan¹³ʨaːu⁵⁵tinker kɣaːn³¹tired qhan¹¹to abuse verbally tjim⁵⁵to add, increase mɔŋ³³to allow qhəp³¹to arrive tɕhei³¹to ask tsu⁵³kaŋ⁵³to bark (of dogs) saːi⁵³to be able, to understand ɣən³¹to be angry mbai⁵³kəp⁵³to be pregnant tse³¹lei³³to beat cow vai⁵³vɣəŋ³³to bend back and forth ɬjak⁵³khɣaŋ³³to bloom thɔk³¹to break in two, to part lat³¹to break something təm⁵³to bring ləp³¹to build qhe³¹kət⁵³to bump into mbəm³³to buy su⁵⁵to buy qan⁵⁵tsu⁵³to call (dog) qan⁵⁵kje⁵³to call chickens qan⁵⁵tshe¹³to call someone pe⁵³to carry on back thap¹¹to carry on shoulder thap¹¹tap⁵³to carry pole tɕin⁵⁵tɕap⁵⁵to catch sight of kɣam³¹to catch vaːn¹¹to change, exchange qɔ³¹to choke tsəp⁵³to chop ʔaːp⁵³to clap hands pjam⁵³to climb, crawl le¹¹to collapse phaːp³¹to collide nau¹³mɔ³³to come thɔ¹³to compare taŋ⁵⁵to cook kaːi⁵⁵to correct sun⁵³to count ʔəp⁵³to cover jaːm³¹to cry nde⁵³thɔk³¹to cut off water tɕəp³¹phje¹³to cut out clothes tɕəp³¹to cut with scissors tɕən³³to deafen tse³¹to descend, go down ju³¹taːi⁵³to dibble, plant grain ɬjit⁵³to die tjɔk⁵³to dig, peck tɕhən¹¹to dip nəm³¹to disturb tam⁵³to don, put on tsi³¹to do paːu¹³tɕan³³tɕap³¹to dream ʔut⁵³to drink ljɔ¹¹to drip jəːt⁵³to drip vɯn⁵³to drip vjaːŋ³¹to dye ʨhin¹³to earn tsɔ⁵⁵to eat ʨi⁵³to exist, live mbjɔk⁵³li³³to explain thəp¹¹to explode lat³¹to fall down, stumble ɬei⁵⁵to fall, drop down lju¹¹to fear tshɔ¹³tən⁵³to feed pigs tshɔ¹³to feed ɕit⁵³to feel, touch thɔŋ¹³pu⁵⁵to ferment thaːp¹¹to fight against, resist vɯŋ¹³qɔ⁵³to fish pu¹³to float nau³³to flow ljap³³lap⁵³to fly fast khɯp³¹to freeze ɕau⁵³to get skinny ʨhən⁵⁵to get, gain tɔ⁵³to give ndap⁵³to glue kɣaːm³¹to grab kwi⁵³vi³³to growl (of tiger) ɬe⁵⁵to hang haːi¹¹to harm ɕət⁵³to have fever mɔŋ³³to hear pu¹³to help up ʨəm⁵⁵to help qɔ⁵³to hew down muən³¹to hide the truth pən⁵³to hide ndək⁵⁵to inhale ləp³³to insert tshɔk³¹li¹³to insert tjim³³to join tjuk⁵³to jump kuai⁵⁵to kidnap nak³¹to leak hɯt⁵³to leave ljim³¹to lick ʨhən³¹mət³³to light a fire lu³¹to look afar nau³¹mɔ³³to look forward to lət³³to lose something tjɔ⁵⁵to lose vi³³to make sound, resound ʨe⁵³to move ɣəp³¹kəm³¹to mow haːi¹³ʨɔːŋ³³to open door lap³³to pack ʨin⁵³to pan fry ʨəp⁵³tu⁵⁵to pick food mbət⁵³to pick up ʨɔŋ³³ti⁵⁵to plow field tən⁵³to pound rice jin⁵⁵to present tjim³¹to prop up ʨɔ³³to push tsən³³to quake wən¹³pjɔ³¹to quarrel jən⁵³ti⁵⁵to raise hands ɕu⁵³to receive ti⁵⁵to reduce mban⁵⁵to remember qhaːu³¹to resound in the ears hɣɔ⁵³to rob, wrest from me¹³to run into qat³¹to run lə¹³to save (leftovers) kɯ⁵³saːu⁵⁵to saw tjei³¹to scratch earth ɕi⁵⁵to select saːi⁵⁵to sell ʨɣək⁵³to separate sun⁵³to sew clothes vaːi¹³to shake kɯ⁵⁵phje¹³to shed, take off si⁵⁵to shiver jəm⁵³to sit down ʨhən³¹to skewer tjap⁵³to slap ɲiŋ³¹to sleep ʔən⁵³ɕɔ⁵³to slice meat khɣaːm¹³to smoke meat təŋ⁵⁵to soak ɬɔ⁵⁵to split firewood ʨhiːp³¹to stab, punch hɣɔ⁵³to stack nau³³to stand up ʨən³¹mət³³to start fire ɕin⁵³to steal pəm⁵³to steam tjim³¹to step high kjaːŋ⁵⁵to stir fry ndət⁵³to stop ndən⁵³to swallow kwaːi⁵⁵to swindle ɬək⁵³to take apart tsaːm⁵⁵to talk ndɔ⁵⁵to taste, try, sample tjɔ⁵⁵to throw away thaːu³¹ʔuːn⁵⁵to tie tight thaːu³¹to tie up ʨhin¹³to turn around kɯn⁵³to turn over phi¹³to twist rope ʨu⁵³to wait kaːi¹¹to wake up tjim⁵³to walk in step ɲe³¹to walk lau³¹to want khɣaːm³³to warm at fire wən⁵³phje¹³to wash clothes lai⁵³mat³³to wash face vən⁵⁵to wash things ju³³to weigh jəːn³³to yellow lɔŋ¹³se⁵³kwi⁵³tobacco pipe pau³¹kuk⁵³tobacco pipe pɔŋ³¹khu¹³te⁵³tobacco pouch hən¹³ni⁵⁵today maːi¹³jɔŋ⁵⁵toenail jɔŋ⁵⁵lək⁵³toe tɔk¹³fu¹³ʨiːn⁵³tofu skin tɔk¹³fu¹³tofu paːi⁵³jaːn¹³tomorrow night qə³³jaːn¹³tomorrow phjiŋ³¹ljiːm⁵³tongue root lɔ³¹ljiːm⁵³tongue paːi⁵³ni⁵⁵tonight tə³¹qhɔŋ¹³top of mountain mbjaːŋ⁵⁵torch qə³³mat³¹towel mat⁵³kau⁵³trachoma mat⁵³ndjep⁵³trachoma kaːŋ³³transparent (water) ʨaːi⁵⁵saːu⁵⁵tree branch ji¹¹tree trunk saːu⁵⁵tree wood kaːu⁵⁵jaŋ⁵³trivet qɔŋ⁵⁵trough jɔŋ⁵⁵pi⁵⁵trouser legs qhɔ¹³pi⁵⁵trouser waist pi⁵⁵trousers tu³³maːn¹¹tube, pipe nde⁵³ju³¹ʨaːu⁵³tung oil ɬai⁵³ju³¹ʨaːu⁵³tung tree man¹³mbi⁵⁵twelve mbi⁵⁵man¹³maːi⁵³twenty one mbi⁵⁵man¹³mbi⁵⁵twenty two mbi⁵⁵man¹³twenty mbi⁵⁵mbjɔk⁵³maːu¹³two classifier hats mbi⁵⁵kɯ⁵⁵ljiŋ³³two classifier horses mbi⁵⁵phəm¹³pjaːŋ¹³two cloves of garlic mbi³¹laːp³¹nən³¹two layers of cloth mbi⁵⁵ljiŋ³¹two matters mbi⁵⁵tshəm⁵⁵naːu³¹two pairs of shoes mbi⁵⁵two qɔ³³qəŋ⁵³typhoid fever ʨau³³ugly ljuːŋ³³umbrella kwaŋ³¹tən⁵³unbred pig qət³¹pjiŋ⁵³upstairs tjaŋ³¹urine ndən⁵³ʨaːu⁵³vegetable knife nde⁵³ju³¹tu⁵⁵vegetable oil ɬjuk⁵³kət³¹very bare ljim³³ɬjim⁵⁵very black ljaŋ⁵³khaːŋ³³very bright ɕəm⁵⁵ɕəm⁵⁵very cool pəŋ³¹pəŋ³¹very dense taŋ¹³taŋ¹³very fat ljim⁵³ljim⁵³very fragrant, sweet luːk⁵³very grey pjim³¹sən⁵³very hard piŋ⁵³vɣət³¹very hot/comfortable hwaŋ³³ʨaŋ⁵³very in a hurry qɔt⁵³very itchy ʨik⁵⁵very lazy tan³¹ju¹³very light in weight ləŋ¹³ləŋ¹³very long ʨən⁵³ndi⁵⁵very malodorous nɔk³³ʨip⁵³very mashed kau⁵³haːŋ³³very red tsu⁵³very rough lei⁵³lei⁵³very short hɣək⁵³hɣək⁵³very skinny ljɔ¹³very slick nai¹³nai¹³mɔ¹³very slow mi³¹ljaŋ³³ljaŋ³³very smiley pə⁵³pət⁵³very soft ʨit⁵³very sour khwɔ³³khe³¹very sparse ɲim³³very spicy ljaːŋ³¹ljaːŋ³¹very straight ljap⁵³ very tasteless ləp¹³ləp¹³very thin ɬjin⁵³hɔ¹³very white jəːn³³pjaːŋ⁵⁵pjaːŋ⁵⁵very yellow ɬjim⁵³vine for weaving lai¹³ʨɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵³vine pjit⁵³vulva tɕhɔ³¹tshɔŋ¹³waist belt phjiŋ³¹ɕiŋ³¹wall footing ɕiŋ³¹wall mɔ⁵³ʨi³¹walnut tree qe¹³vɯ¹³wasteland ɬai⁵³pat³¹water bottle, canteen vɔ¹³water buffalo vək³¹nde⁵³water ladle nde⁵³ljaːn¹³water off cooked rice ləŋ³¹nde⁵³water well nde⁵³water, wet ʔaːi⁵⁵we (inclusive & exclusive) ʔə³¹qaːi⁵⁵what mbən⁵³taːi⁵³wheat floor/noodles kwə³¹qaːi⁵⁵where hən³¹qaːi⁵⁵which one nən³¹ɬjin⁵³which nən³¹ɬjin⁵³white cloth, rag mbaːi⁵³who je⁵³wife of father's younger brother mɔ³¹ʔɔ⁵⁵wife of mother's brother mən¹³wife of older brother qɔ³³mɔ³¹wife kaːp³¹suk⁵³mbu⁵⁵wig, headpin kwe³¹wild goose ɬai⁵³ʔu⁵⁵wild green mɔ⁵³tsɔŋ⁵⁵willow qə³¹təŋ⁵⁵wind sɔ³³ʨuːŋ⁵³wine dregs ɕəp⁵³ʨuːŋ⁵³wine fermenting vat hu³¹wine flask ʨuːŋ⁵³wine, alcohol qaːŋ⁵⁵wings ɬai⁵³tən⁵³ljuːk³¹wintermelon, wax gourd ɬe⁵³saːu⁵⁵wood plank phjaŋ³¹ʨaːi⁵⁵woodear edible fungus tsi⁵³wrinkles lai³¹mə³¹mi³¹write a name ɣaːi⁵⁵tshu⁵³yarn nəːm¹³ʔu⁵⁵pən⁵⁵year after next nəːm¹³ŋɔ³¹ɕi⁵⁵year before last tɔk¹³ʨiŋ⁵⁵year's end nəːm¹³year paːi⁵³ŋɔ³¹ɕi⁵⁵yesterday evening's eve paːi⁵³ɕi⁵⁵yesterday evening hən¹³ɕi⁵⁵yesterday maːi¹³you plural tshe¹³ljin³¹young person ndɔ⁵³younger brother ndɔ⁵³younger sister mi³³you